超声近场的悬浮现象和动力学机理,提出圆形振子薄板与悬浮物之间的耦合数学模型,给定圆盘在特定弯振模态下的边界条件,推导了基于挤压膜模型的悬浮压力近似解析式.同时为了试验研究超声近场的悬浮特性,在兰杰文振子顶端设计了利于产生超声辐射近场效应的圆盘式装置并试制了样机,通过激励出圆盘的弯曲振动模态诱发出声场辐射力,实现了物体在圆盘表面的近距离悬浮.搭建了基于虚拟仪器平台的测试系统,通过试验获得其悬浮特性参数,分析了悬浮的距离随着重物质量的增大而减少的规律,验证了理论分析结果,为采用近声场来悬浮和实现悬浮力的有效控制奠定了基础.%This paper analyzes the special phenomenon and dynamic mechanism of ultrasonic near-field acoustic levitation and presents the mathematical model of coupling the vibration plate with levitation object based on the boundary condition of the special vibration mode. In order to measure the characteristic parameters of ultrasonic near-field acoustic levitation, the annular plate is designed and installed on top of Lanngevin vibrator, which is able to produce ultrasonic radiation effect. The prototype is manufactured, ultrasonic near-field acoustic levitation is observed by inducing flexural vibration mode of annular plate. The virtual instrument technology Is used in the testing system to measure the levitation characteristic parameter It is experimentally found that levitation distance decreases with the heavier object, and the theoretical results are validated. The theoretical and experimental investigations in this paper lay the foundation for the control of ultrasonic near-field acoustic levitation.
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