在机械零件尺寸视觉测量中,普遍采用标定测量比的方法进行测量.推导出测量比的计算公式,给出测量比严格的定义.根据新的定义,必须保证零件到相机的距离和标定件到相机的距离严格相等,否则测量结果毫无意义.以空间两点高程差测量为例,给出用测量比法进行尺寸测量的详细过程,可作为修正由于零件到相机距离变化而引起的测量误差的参考.%Measurement scale which was widely used in measurement of mechanical parts size was defined cautiously according to the formulas which were derived carefully. According to the new definition, the measurement was insignificance if the distance between part and camera was unequal to the one between calibration part and camera. The depth displacement of two points at space, for instance, was calculated in detail by using measurement scale and the process was reference to correcting errors due to variation of distance between part and camera.
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