射频干扰RFI (Radio-Frequency Interference)的校正和抑制一直是微波遥感研究领域的重要问题之一.本文基于SMAP卫星2015年5月1日至5日L波段辐射计亮温数据对中国近海及沿岸的射频干扰进行了特征分析.研究发现RFI分布不均匀,主要集中在城市群及其周边地区;通过对比辐射计天线接收的亮温数据与射频干扰校正和抑制后的数据,发现研究区域主要的射频干扰(95％)的平均值为1.4 K,整体射频干扰平均值为2.5 K,标准差为6.5;研究区域中不同波段和极化的数据受到射频干扰影响较为相似,受射频干扰影响最大的是升轨的垂直极化数据,受影响最小的是升轨的水平极化数据.%RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) detection and mitigation has been one of the most crucial issues of microwave remote sensing.In this paper,we analyzed China's coastal and offshore areas' brightness temperature and RFI acquired by SMAP (Soil Moisture Active Passive) satellite L-band radiometer.The study found that the distribution of RFI are uneven,and RFI are mainly concentrated in the urban agglomeration and its surrounding areas.By comparing the radiometer antenna brightness temperature data and the data after RFI filtering,we found that the average of 95 ％ RFI is 1.4 K,and the standard deviation is 6.5.Under the influence of RFI,there is no obvious difference between different band and polarization in the study area.Significant RFI contaminations are present in ascending vertical polarization observation,and the ascending horizontal polarization data is the least affected.
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