综述了离子液体的种类、合成及纯化方法.离子液体的纯度对其物理化学性质至关重要,是研究其应用的首要问题.本文介绍了离子液体的合成方法,并对比了其优缺点,发现合成方法对离子液体的纯度起着关键作用,指出了影响离子液体纯度的因素,分析对比了离子液体的纯化方法,包括真空干燥、有机溶剂萃取、重结晶、吸附剂法、分子筛法等,根据影响因素种类的不同,优选纯化方法,并对离子液体的发展进行了展望.%This work are summarized the types,synthesis and purification methods of ionic liquids.The purity of ionic liquids is of great importance to their physical and chemical properties,which is the biggest issue in their application.The synthetic methods of ionic liquids are introduced,and their advantages and disadvantages are compared.It is conformed that the synthetic method plays a key role in the purity of ionic liquid.The factors affecting the purity of ionic liquid are pointed out.The purification methods of ionic liquid are analyzed and compared,including vacuum drying,organic solvent extraction,recrystallization,adsorbent method,molecu-lar sieve method,etc.According to the different kinds of factors,the purification method was selected and the development of ionic liquids was prospected.
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