Fatigue life of materials is the foundation of reliability design in mechanical system and the main task of research on material fatigue property. It is indicated by a lot of researches that fatigue life is discrete and follows certain statistical distribution law. The importance of investigation on material's fatigue life is reviewed. The effect of microstructure and research model on fatigue life and the method of data processing in fatigue life investigation are analyzed too. And the introduction to characters of the normal distribution and Weibull distribution is given respectively.%材料的疲劳寿命是机械可靠性设计的基础,也是疲劳性能研究的主要内容.大量的研究结果表明疲劳寿命具有离散性的特点,并且符合一定的统计分布规律.概述了材料疲劳寿命研究的重要性,分析了材料微观结构及实验模型对疲劳寿命的影响以及疲劳寿命研究的数理统计基础,分别介绍了正态分布和威布尔分布的特点,综述了数据处理方法在疲劳寿命研究中的具体应用.
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