Polyamide 6(PA6)/montmorillonite(MMT) nanocomposites were prepared via in-situ polymerization. Ultracryotomy method was proposed to prepare AFM sample in order to characterize the dispersion of the MMT nano-particles directly. And SEM, DSC, TG, XRD, tensile test and notched impact test were also performed. The results show that ultracryotomy method is a powerful way to prepare AFM sample. The distances between layers of MMT are expanded. And the MMT disperses homogeneously in the matrix. And the crystallization rate of PA6 is increased as a result of the addition of MMT. Compared to pure PA6, the thermal decomposition temperature of the nanocomposites is reduced. And the tensile strength and modulus are improved with the MMT content increasing in the composites. Nanocomposites' impact strength is raised compared to pure PA6.%采用原位聚合法制备PA6/MMT纳米复合材料.利用超薄切片法制备原子力显微镜观测样品,实现了对复合材料中纳米蒙脱土分散情况的原位观测.对复合材料进行了扫描电镜、差示扫描量热、热重、X射线衍射、单轴拉伸、缺口冲击等实验,结果表明,超薄切片法制备的PA6/MMT纳米复合材料原子力实验样品较好地实现了对纳米蒙脱土分散情况的原位观测.插层过程扩大了蒙脱土片层的间距,蒙脱土在基体中分散均匀.蒙脱土在基体中起到了异相形核作用,复合材料的结晶速率升高,热分解温度有所下降.拉伸强度与弹性模量随蒙脱土含量的增加而增加.相比于纯尼PA6,复合材料的冲击强度有不同程度的增加.
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