在草酸电解液中,球形碳点电极作为阴极,铝箔作为阳极,利用一次氧化工艺成功的制备出了单一色彩和虹彩环形结构色的氧化铝薄膜.实验结果显示,球形碳点电极下制备的氧化铝薄膜厚度由薄膜中心向外呈对称性递减.当薄膜的径向厚度差在某一波长光的覆盖范围内时,薄膜呈现单一结构色,而当径向厚度差超出某一波长光的覆盖范围时,薄膜呈现虹彩环形结构色.本文详细的讨论了电极间距、氧化电压和氧化时间对薄膜结构色的影响,并从理论上分析了球形碳点电极下多孔氧化铝薄膜的氧化机制.%In order to study the anodic oxidation mechanism of aluminium foil acted by spherical point carbon electrode, alumina thin films with uniform color and rainbow rings were fabricated in oxalic acid electrolyte by one-step electrochemical anodization of Al foil. A carbon ball was used as cathode and Al foil used as anode. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the thickness of thin films acted by spherical electrode diminishes symmetrically outward from the center of the films. The radial difference of thickness increases with the decrease of electrode spacing and the increase of anodization voltage and anodizing time. When the radial difference of thickness is beyond the coverage of a certain wavelength of light, the film presents rainbow rings structure colors. On the contrary, the radial difference of thickness decreases with the increase of electrode spacing and the decrease of anodization voltage and anodizing time, the film presents uniform structure colors when the radial difference of thickness lies in a certain wavelength range of light.
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