先天性巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染是世界范围内最常见的先天性感染,与先天性CMV有关的疾病负担很重,因为它是导致感音神经性耳聋的主要非遗传原因,也是儿童神经发育障碍的一个重要原因.尽管先天性CMV感染具有临床意义,但往往未被发现,因为大多数感染婴儿在出生时无症状,筛查计划尚未得到实质性实施.除行为措施外,缺乏有效的干预措施,以防止母婴感染和母婴传播.由于先天性CMV感染婴儿的诊断和治疗策略近期有新的进展,这些领域可能在未来几年内迅速发生变化.%Cytomegalovirus(CMV)is the most frequent cause of congenital infection worldwide.The burden of disea-ses related to congenital CMV is substantial,as it is the leading non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss and an important cause of neurodevelopmental disabilities in children.Despite its clinical significance,congenital CMV infection often goes undetected because the majority of infected infants are asymptomatic at birth and screening programs have not been substantially implemented.Other than behavioral measures,effective interventions aimed at the prevention of maternal infection and of mother-to-child transmission are lacking.Due to a convergence of recent advances in both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in infants with congenital CMV,the field will likely be changing rapidly over the next few years.
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