Objective:To investigate the health supervision and administration work of grassroots medical institutions in a district of Urumqi, to discuss the existing problems and put forward some measures. Methods:The health supervision workers and law enforcement officers were in⁃terviewed by literature analysis and interview method. Results:The number of grassroots medical institutions changed along with the orientation of national policy;the proportion of private clinics was as high as 67. 62%;the phenomenon of illegal medical practice in grassroots medical institu⁃tions was more serious. Conclusion:It is recommended that the government should increase the penalties, manage multiple departments together, strengthen supervision law education and sum up the experience and promote it.%目的：对乌鲁木齐市某区基层医疗机构的卫生监督管理工作进行调查，探讨存在的问题，提出改善对策。方法：采用文献分析法查阅相关资料，归纳整理医疗机构监管政策、法规；采用访谈法对该区卫生监督执法人员、卫生行政部门管理者进行访谈。结果：基层医疗机构的数量随国家政策的导向而变化，其中民营诊所的比例高达67．62％，基层医疗机构中违法行医现象较严重，应加强基层医疗机构的监督管理，杜绝违法行为和非法行医给群众带来的巨大危害。结论：建议政府加重处罚力度，多部门齐抓共管，总结监管经验并加以推广，同时加强普法教育。
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