目的:探讨精神科护士职业危险因素和职业防护存在的问题,并提出对策,以减少精神科护士的职业危害.方法:总结和分析了精神科护理工作中存在的职业危险因素和职业防护存在的问题.结果:精神科常见职业危险因素包括生物性因素、化学性因素、物理性因素、护理工作和患者的因素;精神科职业防护存在的问题包括职业防护教育滞后、职业防护措施落实不到位、防护用具和评估不到位.结论:强化职业安全教育、建立护士健康档案和职业暴露报告制度、提高护士职业保护意识和提高护患关系对减少精神科护士的职业危害具有积极的意义.%Objective To discuss the occupational risk factors of psychiatric nurses and the problems and deficiencies of psychiatric occupational protection, propose the protection measures and minimize occupational risks of psychiatric nurses. Method The occupational risk factors in psychiatric nursing and the problems and deficiencies of psychiatne occupational protection were summarized and analyzed.Results Psychiatric occupational risk factors included biological, chemical rink factors, nursing and patient facton; the problems and deficiencies of psychiatric occupational protection included the lags of occupational protection education. inaufficient occupational protection measurea, and inadequate protective equipment and aaaessment. Conclusion Strengthening occupational safety and education, establishing health records of nurses and reporting system of occupational exposure, improving occupational protection awarenesa of nurses and improving the relations between nurses and patients have a positive meaning to reduce occupational hazards of psychiatric nurses.
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