Objective It is to value the effect of entecavir-thymosin alpha-1combination therapy for chronic hepatitis B . Methods The papers were searched in the database of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, OVID, SpringerLink, CNKI, the Chi-nese Biomedical Database ( CBM) , Wanfangdata and CQVIP according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria from 2005 to April 2014.The findings of the selected ten randomized controlled trials (RCT) were analyzed by RevMan 5.2 Software.Re-sults Compared with the control group, the ALT normalization rate, HBV DNA negative rate, HBeAg negative rate and HBeAg seroconversion rate of experimental group were significantly improved:RR were 1.13 [95%CI (1.06, 1.21), Z=3.61, P=0. 000 3〗, 1.19 [95%CI (1.09, 1.30), Z=3.83, P=0.000 1], 2.25 [95%CI (1.52,3.33), Z=4.04, P<0.000 1] and 2. 31 [95%CI (1.83, 2.92), Z=7.06, P<0.000 01].The injection of thymosin alpha-1 was no significant adverse e-vents.Conclusion Entecavir-thymosin alpha-1 combination therapy is more effective in the HBV DNA reduction, increase of serum HBeAg negative rate, conversion rate and ALT normalization rate and without increasing drug adverse reactions com-pared with entecavir.More RCTs of high quality and large scale are required to verify this conclusion.%目的：评价恩替卡韦联合胸腺肽α1治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效。方法检索2005—2014年4月PubMed、Cochrane Library、OVID、SpringerLink、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据医学网及维普网，根据纳入标准、排除标准，对入选的10篇随机对照试验（RCT）的研究结果采用RevMan5．2软件进行分析。结果与对照组相比，实验组能更显著地提高ALT复常率、 HBV DNA转阴率、HBeAg转阴率和 HBeAg血清转换率，相对危险度（RR）分别为1．13[95％CI（1．06，1．21），Z＝3．61，P＝0．0003]，1．1[995％CI（1．09，1．30），Z ＝3，83，P＝0．0001〗、2．25[95％CI（1．52，3．33），Z ＝4．04，P＜0．0001]和2．31[95％ CI （1．83，2.92）， Z ＝7．06， P＜0．00001]；且无明显不良反应。结论恩替卡韦联合胸腺肽α1治疗慢性乙型肝炎能有效增加恩替卡韦单药抗病毒疗效，但确切疗效尚需更多临床研究加以证实。
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