为了优化机床的动态性能,进一步提高机床的加工精度和加工效率,分别利用计算模态分析方法和实验模态分析的方法对一数控机床的动态特性进行了研究.得到了该机床的前三阶模态的固有频率,阻尼比和振型.通过对计算和实验结果的对比分析发现前三阶固有频率误差分别为8.7%,9.8%和8.1%,阻尼比误差分别为18%,9.3%和17%,模态振型基本一致.发现在低阶时计算模态分析准确度较高,该机床的薄弱环节为其立柱.提出的方法和得到的结论可应用于机床动态特性的设计与研究中.%In order to optimize the machine tool's dynamic characteristics, further improve machining preci-sion and machining efficiency, Calculating modal analysis method and experimental modal analysis method are used to study the dynamic characteristics of a machine tool. The natural frequencies, damping ratios and modal shapes of the first three modal of the machine tool are obtained. The comparison between the calculat-ing modal analysis and experimental modal analysis shows that the first three order natural frequency errors are 8. 7%, 9. 8% and 8. 1%, respectively, and the damping ratios are 18%, 9. 3% and 17%, respectively, and the modal shapes are basically the same. It is found that the accuracy of calculating modal analysis is very high at first three modal, the weak link of the machine tool is the pillar. The proposed method and the conclusion can be applied to study dynamic characteristics of the machine tool.
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