In order to reveal the community structure characteristics of plankton in cascade reservoir of Jialing River, the field acquisition of the plankton in 12 reservoirs of Jialing River in Sichuan stream segment has been conducted in both dry and rainy seasons. The community structure characteristics of plankton were investigated, the Shannon-wiener diversity index, the Margalef richness index and the Pielou evenness index have been adopted to assess the water quality through combining with the indicator species in dominant species. Results show that the phytoplankton is collected with a total number of 8 divisions,42 families,95 genera and 171 species (including varieties) ,The numbers of species in Ba-cillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta were richer than others. The collected zooplankton includes a total of 4 classes,9 orders,21 families,30 genera and 62 species,which respectively belong to the protozoa,pseudocoelomata and ar-thropoda,and there are 21 kinds of dominant groups. Plankton evaluation results determine the water quality belong to the moderate polluted state.%为揭示嘉陵江梯级水库浮游生物群落结构特征,按枯水期和丰水期对嘉陵江12个梯级水库24个样点进行浮游生物的野外采集,分析其群落结构的物种组成,并采用Shannon-wiener指数、Margalef指数和Pielou均匀度指数进行分析.结果表明:嘉陵江四川段浮游植物共8门42科95属171种,浮游动物的组成共有4纲9目21科30属62种；浮游动物优势种类有21种.浮游生物评价结果表明梯级库区水质处于中度污染状态.
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