为有效开展整车操稳性、平顺性的仿真研究,有必要对影响较大的汽车悬架衬套的静、动刚度范围进行精确设计及控制.采用3 阶Ogden超弹性本构模型与3 阶PRONY级数黏弹性模型建立某汽车悬架减振器橡胶连接衬套超-黏弹性有限元模型,利用ABAQUS/Standard 有限元分析模块分别研究衬套缩径量大小与静、动刚度的关系,得到了不同缩径量下橡胶衬套静、动刚度曲线;结果显示,当缩径量小于0.6 mm时,橡胶衬套静、动刚度随缩径量的增加而增大并呈近似的线性关系;当缩径量大于0.6 mm后,静、动刚度随缩径量增大而增大的速率急剧变大而呈现非线性关系;研究表明,当缩径值达到一定程度后对橡胶衬套静、动刚度值的影响变大;最后通过试验测试发现有限元分析结果与测试结果相对误差在10 ％以内,证明考虑缩径量影响的汽车悬架衬套静动特性分析的正确性,这对车用橡胶衬套的设计与分析研究具有一定的指导意义.%In order to effectively carry out the simulation research for the handling and riding performance of the vehicles, it is necessary to accurately design and control the static and dynamic stiffness ranges of the automotive suspension bushings. In this paper, the hyper-viscoelastic finite element model of a rubber bushing for an automotive suspension shock absorber is established using the 3rd order Ogden hyperelastic constitutive model and the 3 rd order PRONY series viscoelastic model. The finite element analysis module ABAQUS/Standard is used to study the relationship between the radial contraction amount and the static and dynamic stiffness. The static and dynamic stiffness curves of the rubber bushings vs. different contraction amount are obtained. The results show that when the contraction amount is less than 0.6 mm, the static and dynamic stiffness of the rubber bushing increases almost linearly with the increase of the contraction amount. When the contraction amount is greater than 0.6 mm, the static and dynamic stiffness increases rapidly with the increase of the contraction amount. When the contraction amount reaches a certain level, its influence on the static and dynamic stiffness values of the rubber bushing becomes larger. Finally, the experimental results show that the relative error between the finite element analysis results and the test results is less than 10 ％. Thus, the correctness of the static and dynamic characteristics analysis of the automotive suspension bushings considering the influence of the contraction amount is proved. This study has a certain guiding significance for the design and analysis of rubber bushings for vehicles.
展开▼
