[目的]系统分析我国神经重症监护病房(NICU)卒中相关性肺炎发生的主要危险因素.[方法]检索中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、维普、万方、PubMed,Embase数据库及Cochrane图书馆中有关我国NICU卒中相关性肺炎危险因素的文献,提取数据并采用Stata13.0软件进行Meta分析.[结果]共纳入11篇文献,我国NICU卒中相关性肺炎各独立危险因素合并OR值及其95% CI分别为:留置鼻饲管1.783(1.535,2.031);使用抑酸药物1.154(0.833,1.476);气管切开0.846(0.311, 1.380);机械通气0.561(0.428,0.695);预防性使用抗生素0.953(0.573,1.333);吞咽障碍2.131(1.628,2.634);意识障碍2.056 (1.436,2.676);延髓性麻痹1.613(0.814,2.411);肺部疾病史1.029(0.581,1.478);糖尿病史0.687(0.397,0.976);吸烟史0.939 (0.459,1.419).[结论]留置鼻饲管、使用抑酸药物、气管切开、机械通气、预防性使用抗生素、吞咽障碍、意识障碍、延髓性麻痹、肺部疾病史、糖尿病史、吸烟史为我国NICU卒中相关性肺炎的主要危险因素.%Objective:To analyze risk factors of stroke-associated pneumonia in neurological intensive care unit(ICU)in China.Meth-ods:Articles about risk factors of stroke-associated pneumonia in neurological ICU were retrieved from China Biology Medicine (CBM),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Vip database,Wangfang database,PubMed,Embase and Cochrane library. Meta-analysis was conducted by Stata 13.0 software.Results:A total of 11 pieces of literatures were included in the study.There were cumulative 1956 cases and 2014 control cases.The OR value and 95% CI of the independent risk factors of stroke-associated pneumonia in neurological ICU were 1.783(1.535,2.031)on lien nasogastric,1.154(0.833,1.476)on using acid inhibitors,0.846 (0.311,1.380)on tracheotomy,0.561(0.428,0.695)on mechanical ventilation,0.953(0.573,1.333)on antimicrobial prophylaxis, 2.131(1.628,2.634)on dysphagia,2.056(1.436,2.676)on conscious disturbance,1.613(0.814,2.411)on bulbar paralysis,1.029 (0.581,1.478)on past pulmonary diseases,0.687(0.397,0.976)on diabetes history,and 0.939(0.459,1.419)on smoking history. Conclusions:Lien nasogastric,using acid inhibitors,tracheotomy,mechanical ventilation,prophylactic antibiotics,dysphagia,conscious disturbance,bulbar paralysis,past pulmonary diseases,diabetes,and smoking history were major risk factors of stroke-associated pneumonia in neurological ICU in China.
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