Basic concepts and models of the refractive-index structure constant were introduced briefly. Then, technologies for measuring the average of refractive-index structure constant and the distribution of refractive-index structure constant were described in detail, such as scintillation index method, fluctuation of arrival angel method, thermosonde method, lidar method, etc, and the latest development was summarized. Finally, characterization of each technology was discussed.%首先概述了大气折射率结构常数的基本概念和常见模型.然后详述了闪烁指教、到达角起伏等平均折射率结构常数的测试技术和热感探空仪、激光雷达、无源等折射率结构常数分布的测试技术及其研究动态.最后讨论了各种测试技术的特点.
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