介绍了谐波状态估计数学模型及常用的最小二乘求解算法.针对最小二乘法抗粗差能力较差的缺点,提出利用抗差最小二乘法进行谐波状态估计.抗差最小二乘法通过等价权将抗差估计原理与最小二乘形式有机结合起来,可有效解决最小二乘法不抗御粗差的问题.利用Matlab搭建了配电网的仿真模型,获得了研究所需的谐波同步测量数据,对测量数据加入含有粗差的正态分布误差,用传统最小二乘法和抗差最小二乘法进行谐波状态估计.计算结果表明了在测量数据含有粗差的情况下,用抗差最小二乘法进行谐波状态估计其结果精度优于最小二乘法.%The mathematical model of harmonic state estimation and common least squares algorithm are introduced. As for the shortcoming of least squares that it is less capable of resisting gross error, this paper proposes that the robust least squares is used for harmonic state estimation. Robust least squares that combines robust estimation principle with least squares by equivalent weight, which effectively solves the issue that least squares does not resist gross error. The paper sets up a mathematical model of distribution network by using Matlab, so that receives the synchronous measurement data of harmonic for researching. When normal distribution error of gross error is added to the measurement data, the harmonic state is estimated with least squares and robust least squares. The results show that the harmonic state estimation result's accuracy of robust least squares is higher than that of least squares when the measurement data contains gross error.
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