21世纪在光子技术领域中操控光子已成为核心的研究内容.胶体光子晶体因其特殊的周期结构而具有光子禁带的特性,从而可以对特定频率的光进行调控,其应用涵盖了光、电、催化、传感、显示、检测等众多领域,为光功能材料的结构设计和性能优化提供了参考依据.本文主要从两个方面阐述近年来胶体光子晶体对光的调控作用与应用,一方面,光子晶体的光子禁带受外界环境刺激下的调控,其核心是在光子晶体中填充响应性的材料,从而引起光子晶体晶格常数或折光指数的变化,这在化学及生物传感器技术领域有着广阔的应用前景;另一方面,光子晶体对嵌入在其中的发射物质的光学行为能实现有效的控制,这将有力地推动光学器件的发展.文章最后还对胶体光子晶体今后的发展进行了展望.%Manipulation of photons has become the core studies in area of photonics in the 21th century.Colloidal photonic crystals ( CPC), with the characteristic of photonic stopband due to their periodic structures, can control the propagation of light in a certain direction, which show applications in optics, electronics, catalysis, display, detection and so on.Furthermore, CPC can offer the guidance for designing structures and optimizing properties of optical functional materials.In this paper, the recent achievements on applications in this field are presented from two aspects.On the one hand, the optical manipulation of photonic crystals is based on changing the stopband characteristics through variation of the refractive index or the lattice constant by applying external stimuli, which provides a promising strategy to develop the technology in chemical sensors and biosensors.On the other hand, the optical behavior can be effectively controlled based on emitters embedded in PCs, which promotes the development of optical devices.Finally, this paper brings forward perspectives toward in-depth investigation of colloidal photonic crystals.
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