人工光合作用是模拟自然界的光合作用过程,设计制备人工光催化体系,以达到高效吸收、转化和储存太阳能的目的。本文从自然界的光合作用过程出发,综述了国内外人工光合作用的最新研究进展。从基本原理、常用体系和能量转换效率等方面入手,系统介绍了两种人工光合作用体系：模拟自然光合作用系统的超分子和无机半导体光催化体系。在此基础上,分析当前研究中存在的问题,并提出改进能量转换效率的可能对策,最后评述了人工光合作用的发展趋势和应用前景。%Artificial photosynthesis is a new,effective and eco-friendly way to utilize solar energy by mimicking the natural process of photosynthesis,through which plants,algae and many species of bacteria obtain energy by converting sunlight,water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates and oxygen.Splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen through sunlight energy is also referred to as artificial photosynthesis.There are two types of artificial photosynthesis systems（APS）： the first one is supramolecular mimicking natural photosystem＇s structural and functional features;and the second one is artificial photocatalytic systems based on inorganic semiconductor materials.This article reviews the latest developments of artificial photosynthesis after a brief introduction to natural photosynthesis.From the point of view of basic principle,commonly used systems and energy conversion efficiency,this article systematically introduces the two types of artificial photosynthesis,among which a new research area,morph-genetic materials,is developed in inorganic semiconductor photocatalytic systems with the goal of achieving efficient APS integrated with hierarchical porous structures in nature.However,some properties of the APS,including stability,self-repair ability,lifetime and overall energy conversion efficiency,still need to be improved.Finally,some possible approaches which might be helpful to improve the APS′ overall quality are proposed,and the prospective on the future development and application is tentatively discussed.
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