为了降低滑坡等不良地质在铁路建设和安全运营过程中产生的危害,在选线过程中需对区域内不良地质发生的风险进行评估.以蒙西至华中煤运通道工程黄土高原区为研究对象,基于遥感与GIS技术开展区内黄土滑坡风险评价研究,通过GIS技术分析滑坡与环境要素的内在联系,确定18个滑坡影响因子并进行定量研究;根据区内滑坡遥感解译成果和影响因子数据建立加权叠加模型,实现滑坡风险等级区域划分,并提出一种新的因子权重计算方法:通过建立滑坡因子变异系数在滑坡处与研究区的数学关系确定因子权重,具有客观可靠性;基于黄土滑坡风险评价结果,对拟选线位进行方案比选,提出最优线位通过方案.研究成果可应用于铁路工程选线设计和防灾减灾等工作.%In order to reduce the harm of the unfavorable geological conditions, like landslide, in the course of railway construction and operation, it's necessary to evaluate the hazard of landslide in the study area, where railway route will be selected. The risk evaluation of the loess landslide at loess plateau area of Mengxi-Huazhong is conducted based on remote sensing and GIS technology. 18 landslide influencing factors are identified and quantified by analyzing the internal relation between landslide factors and environment using GIS technology. Weight Overlay Model for risk evaluation is built based on the results of remote sensing interpretation of landslide and source data of influencing factors. This model realizes landslide hazard zonation and classification by a new factor weight calculation method, which is objective and reliable based the mathematical relationship established between the variation of landslide and the variation of research area. Based on the risk evaluation results of loess landslide, the designed railway routes are compared and the optimum scheme is proposed. This research results can be applied to the design of railway route selection, disaster prevention and reduction.
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