Fly ash is the waste discharged from the boiler thermal power plant,its chemical mineral composition is mAlnly mul ite and glass material SiO2-Al2O3 system, which can be used for preparing volume density 0.75 g / cm3, 1.0 g / cm3 and 1.3 g / cm3 lightweight and lightweight ceramic refractory insulation. Floating beads which sorted can produce the bulk density of 0.3 ~ 0.9 g / cm3 light brick and castable. These insulation materials for industrial furnaces can save energy, and can also use fly ash to synthesize cordierite, mul ite, Sialon, zirconia - mul ite, spinel - mul ite composite materials. Especial y recently fly ash which is developed and do not add high-alumina minerals, the pre-desilication lye, acid impurity activation sintered mul ite, and the use of pre-desilication-preparation of calcium alumina sintering method, cogeneration active calcium silicate technology successful y used in production. Industrial utilization of fly ash wil have great prospects, not only to meet refractories, but also save energy.%粉煤灰是火力发电厂锅炉排出的废弃物，其化学矿物成分主要是SiO2－AI2O3系的莫来石和玻璃物质，用它可制备体积密度0.75 g/cm3，1.0 g/cm3和1.3 g/cm3的轻质保温耐火材料及轻质陶粒，利用从中分选出的漂珠可生产体积密度0.3~0.9 g/cm3的轻质砖及浇注料，这些隔热保温材料用于工业炉窑，节约能源；还可利用粉煤灰合成堇青石、莫来石、Sialon、锆－莫来石、尖晶石－莫来石复相材料等；特别是近来研究出高铝粉煤灰，不添加高铝矿物，经碱液预脱硅、酸液除杂活化处理烧结得到莫来石，以及采用预脱硅－低钙烧结法制备氧化铝，同时联产活性硅酸钙技术成功应用于生产，粉煤灰的工业利用将有巨大前景，不但满足耐火材料，还节能减排。
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