首页> 中文期刊> 《环境科学研究》 >太阳辐射减弱对灌浆期冬小麦光合特性及膜脂过氧化水平的影响

太阳辐射减弱对灌浆期冬小麦光合特性及膜脂过氧化水平的影响

         

摘要

The impacts of reduced solar irradiance on photosynthesis and the physiological characteristics, protective enzyme system and the membrane lipid peroxidation of winter wheat (Cultivars: Yangmai 13) in the grain filling stage were investigated by field experiments. Natural radiation ( CK) as well as 60% , 40% , 20% and 15% of natural radiation were set as the five different treatments. The results showed that: 1) The reduced solar irradiance caused a reduced net photosynthetic rate (Pm), remarkablyreduced stomatal conductance limitation ( La ) and transpiration rate ( Tc) , and slightly increased intercellular CO2 concentration ( C1 ). This signified that reduced solar irradiance significantly affects the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of winter wheat leaves. 2) The activities of catalase ( CAT ), superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) and peroxidase (POD) in winter wheat leaves all increased significantly along with the decreased solar irradiance, presenting higher resistance. In contrast, malondialdehyde ( MDA) contents and relative electrical conductivity decreased, indicating that the membrane system was not injured by the reduced radiation. 3) Reduced solar radiation caused higher levels of photosynthetic pigment in winter wheat, but the ratio values of Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b decreased, indicating enhancement of the radiation absorption ability of biasing part short-wave band of solar irradiance. In conclusion, winter wheat in the grain filling stage can avoid membrane lipid peroxidation damage of the cell membrane system through improving protective enzyme system activity, and enhance the capacity of using light energy by increasing the content of Cholophyll b under reduced solar irradiance conditions. Nonetheless, solar irradiance deficiency still made the crops' net photosynthetic rate continuously decline, mainly resulting from non-atomatal factors.%以扬麦13为供试材料,通过大田试验方法研究了太阳辐射减弱对冬小麦灌浆期光合生理特性、保护酶系统及膜脂过氧化水平的影响.设置了5个太阳辐射减弱处理,各处理的太阳辐射强度分别为自然光照的100% (CK),60%,40%,20%和15%.结果表明:太阳辐射减弱导致冬小麦叶片的光合生理特性发生明显变化,表现为净光合速率(P( ))减少,气孔限制值(La)和蒸腾速率(T(r))显著降低,但胞间CO2浓度(Ci)却逐渐上升;随着太阳辐射减弱程度的增加,冬小麦叶片的CAT(过氧化氢酶),SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)和POD(过氧化物酶)活性均显著增加,表现出较高的抗性,但MDA(丙二醛)含量及EC(电导率)降低,说明太阳辐射减弱未使作物膜系统受到明显伤害;在太阳辐射减弱条件下,冬小麦光合色素的含量增加较明显,但w(Chla)/w(Chlb)下降,对太阳辐射中偏向短波部分波段的吸收能力增强.综上所述,在太阳辐射减弱条件下,冬小麦灌浆期通过提高保护酶系统的活性避免细胞膜系统的膜脂过氧化伤害,同时提高w(Chlb)以增强光能的利用能力.尽管如此,由于太阳辐射能量的不足,作物的P( )仍持续下降,且主要是由非气孔因素引起.

著录项

  • 来源
    《环境科学研究》 |2011年第11期|1283-1290|共8页
  • 作者单位

    江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210044;

    南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044;

    南京信息工程大学大气物理与大气环境学院,江苏南京210044;

    南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044;

    北京市平谷区气象局,北京 101200;

    南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044;

    南京信息工程大学大气物理与大气环境学院,江苏南京210044;

    南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044;

    南京信息工程大学大气物理与大气环境学院,江苏南京210044;

    南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044;

    南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044;

  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 chi
  • 中图分类 环境植物学;
  • 关键词

    太阳辐射减弱; 冬小麦; 膜脂过氧化; 光合特性;

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