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首页> 中文期刊> 《中国农业科学》 >长期施用尿素对东北黑土中氨氧化古菌群落的影响

长期施用尿素对东北黑土中氨氧化古菌群落的影响

         
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摘要

Objective] This paper aimed to investigate the characteristics of ammonia oxidizing archaeal (AOA) communities in black soil under long-term fertilization in Northeast China to identify the effects of different doses of urea on the abundance and structure of the AOA community. Combined with the soil physiochemical characteristics, the main driving factors would be revealed. This study provides evidence for further understanding of the nitrification process and mechanism in black soil and enhanced fertilization method.[Method]Based on a 34 year fertilization experiment in Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, three groups of samples were selected with different fertilization including samples without urea (without fertilizer CK and phosphorus-potassium PK), samples with one-time urea (one time nitrogen N1, nitrogen-phosphorus NP, nitrogen-phosphorus- potassium NPK and nitrogen-potassium NK) and samples with two-time urea (two time nitrogen N2). We applied 454 pyrosequencing and quantitative PCR of theArch-amoA gene to analyze the effects of urea on the AOA communities in black soil. A correlation analysis was carried out to reveal the main important factors for determining the AOA community composition.[Result]It was found that AOAArch-amoA copy numbers in black soil were obviously reduced from 2.64×107 to 8.34×105 /g soil along with the increase of the urea amount, and pH in black soil was the direct reason for the decrease of the Arch-amoA gene. Both clustering and Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) analyzed result proved that the AOA community structure in each fertilizer treatment with the same urea inputs was similar with each other, while the AOA community structure in fertilizer treatments with different urea addition was significantly different with each other. And a redundancy analysis indicated that soil pH, concentration of water soluble organic carbon and nitrate were the main environmental factors (P< 0.05) affecting the AOA community variation. What’s more, phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the AOA in black soil in the Northeast of China belonged two categories Nitrososphaera andNitrosotalea, 99.3% ofArch-amoA sequences in fertilizer treatment without urea and 90.1% ofArch-amoA sequences in fertilizer treatment with one-time urea addition belonged to Nitrososphaera, and 67.9% ofArch-amoAsequences with two-time urea addition belonged toNitrosotalea.[Conclusion]Our research demonstrated the effects of long-term different fertilization on the ammonia oxidizing archaea community, and found out important factors for determining bacterial structures. AOA Arch-amoA copy numbers and communities in black soil with long term urea addition were strongly affected by different doses of urea. AOA diversity in one-time urea treatments increased while that in two-time urea treatment decreased. It is concluded that soil pH, water soluble organic carbon and nitrate nitrogen concentration were the main factors affecting AOA community variation. The results may be greatly meaningful to the rational utilization of fertilizer and agricultural sustainable development.%【目的】表征34年施肥条件下东北黑土中氨氧化古菌（AOA）群落特征，明确不同尿素水平对其丰度和群落结构的影响，并与土壤化学性质进行关联分析，探讨引起影响东北黑土中AOA群落变化的主效环境因子，为进一步揭示黑土土壤硝化作用过程和机制，以及改良施肥方式提供依据。【方法】依托黑龙江省农业科学院34年长期定位试验，选取3组不同施肥处理：无尿素组（对照CK和磷钾处理PK）、一倍尿素组（单施一倍氮肥处理N1，氮磷处理NP，氮磷钾处理NPK和氮钾处理NK）和二倍尿素组（单施二倍氮肥处理N2）共7个处理的耕层土壤为研究对象，借助454高通量测序和Real-time PCR技术，以AOAArch-amoA基因为分子标靶，解析不同尿素水平对黑土中AOA群落组成和丰度的影响，并对AOA群落结构与环境因子进行相关性分析。【结果】随着尿素施用量的增加，黑土中AOA 的Arch-amoA拷贝数由2.64×107/g土壤显著降低至8.34×105/g土壤，且黑土pH是引起其数量降低的直接原因；OTU 水平上的聚类和非度量多维度分析（NMDS）结果均表明，相同尿素水平的各处理 AOA群落结构相似，不同尿素水平处理间的AOA群落差异显著；冗余分析表明，土壤pH、水溶性有机碳和硝态氮浓度是影响土壤AOA群落变化的主效环境因子（P＜0.05）；系统发育分析表明，东北黑土中AOA主要有Nitrososphaera和Nitrosotalea两个属：无尿素组中99.3%和一倍尿素组中90.1%的Arch-amoA序列归类于Nitrososphaera，二倍尿素组中67.9%的Arch-amoA序列归类于Nitrosotalea。【结论】本研究表征了长期不同施肥下黑土中的AOA群落特征，通过与土壤化学性质耦合分析，确定了引起黑土中AOA群落变化的主要因素。长期施用氮肥的黑土中， AOA Arch-amoA拷贝数和群落结构受尿素施用量的影响显著，低倍尿素提高其多样性，而高倍尿素则使之降低，土壤pH、有机碳和硝态氮浓度是导致AOA群落差异主要因素。

著录项

  • 来源
    《中国农业科学》 |2016年第2期|294-304|共11页
  • 作者

    周晶; 姜昕; 周宝库; 马鸣超; 关大伟; 赵百锁; 陈三凤; 李俊;

  • 作者单位

    中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所;

    北京 100081;

    中国农业大学生物学院;

    北京 100094;

    中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所;

    北京 100081;

    农业部微生物产品质量安全风险评估实验室;

    北京 100081;

    黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所;

    哈尔滨 150086;

    中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所;

    北京 100081;

    农业部微生物产品质量安全风险评估实验室;

    北京 100081;

    中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所;

    北京 100081;

    农业部微生物产品质量安全风险评估实验室;

    北京 100081;

    农业部微生物产品质量安全风险评估实验室;

    北京 100081;

    中国农业大学生物学院;

    北京 100094;

    中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所;

    北京 100081;

    农业部微生物产品质量安全风险评估实验室;

    北京 100081;

  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 chi
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    尿素施用量; 氨氧化古菌; 土壤酸化; 冗余分析; 454测序;

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