利用脉冲磁场研究在固定脉冲前沿宽度10 ms条件下,不同脉冲时间对葡萄座腔菌生长及侵染的影响.结果表明:短时间内的脉冲磁场处理即可有效抑制葡萄座腔菌的生长及侵染能力,处理时间越长,抑制作用越强.当脉冲处理45 min时,菌落生长48 h的抑菌率为54.11％,接种葡萄座腔菌的毛白杨愈伤组织72 h后的褐化指数仅为26.89％.当脉冲处理60 min时,抑菌效果最好,菌落全部死亡.扫描电镜观察结果可知:与对照相比,脉冲磁场处理的葡萄座腔菌的菌丝粗细不均,表面皱缩；菌丝体之间相互粘连,部分菌丝分枝、干瘪.透射电镜观察可知:脉冲处理后菌丝的细胞壁变薄,细胞内部组成紊乱、降解,细胞结构破坏严重,胞内空腔增多；同时毛白杨愈伤组织的细胞结构受到葡萄座腔菌不同程度的破坏,细胞壁变形、解体,中胶层分解,质膜断裂,质壁分离；细胞器分解沉积于细胞壁附近,细胞内菌丝降解,管腔空化.脉冲磁场对葡萄座腔菌的生长及侵染具有较强的抑制作用,可改变菌丝超微结构.%The effect of different treating time with the pulsed magnetic field (PMF) on the growth and infestation of Botryosphaeria dothidea was studied under a condition of fixed pulse rise time 10 ms. The results showed that short PMF treatment was able to effectively inhibit growth and infestation Botryosphaeria dolhidea, and the longer time the treatment , the stronger the inhibition. With pulse treatment for 45 min, colony was inhibited by 54. 11 % in 48 h, and the browning index of poplar callus inoculation after 72 h was only 26. 89% ; With pulse treatment for 60 min, the inhibitory effect was best, and the colony all was dead. The observations with SEM revealed that the colony had the characteristics of uneven thickness, the mycelium stuck together, the surface wrinkled, branch and parts of hyphae even dried out. Based on TEM, after pulse magnetic field treatment, the cell wall became significantly thinner and the inner parts disordered and degraded, moreover the cell structure was destroyed seriously and intracellular vacuoles increased. In the meantime, the poplar callus cells structure was influenced to different degrees by B. Dothidea, including deformation and disintegration of cell wall, decomposition of the layer, fracture of plasma membrane, plasmolysis; Cell organelles decomposed and deposited near cell walls, degradation of intracellular hyphae and cavum. The pulsed magnetic field had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth and infestation of B. Dothidea and could change the mycelium ulrastructure.
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