Objective:The clinical characteristics and the causes of vertical root fracture in patients with periodontitis were explored and then put forward the new protective and therapeutic methods .Methods :52 teeth of vertical root fracture in 51 patients with chronic periodontitis were investigated .General situations of patients were analyzed .Vertical root fracture ,periodontal condition and occlusal relationship were determined by radiographic ex‐amination .Results:Vertical root fractures used to occur in 45 years of age or older patients ,and the sex ratio for vertical root fracture was 2 .40∶1 .Periodontal examination showed alveolar bone loss in all patients companied with 75 .00% of tooth occlusal trauma and (or) occlusal trauma susceptible factors .There were higher morbidity at man‐dibular first and second molar mesial root and the maxillary first molar buccal root .Conclusion:Periodontitis with periodontal destruction and the occlusal trauma contributed to vertical root fracture .So improvement of occlusal in‐terference in periodontitis will decrease the risk of vertical root fracture .%目的：探讨牙周炎患牙牙根纵裂的临床特征、发病原因及预防措施。方法：选择临床确诊为慢性牙周炎合并牙根纵裂的患者51例，患牙52颗，分析患者的年龄、性别、牙位和患根的分布情况，系统检查患者牙周情况、咬合情况，结合X线表现进行综合评价。结果：牙周炎患牙牙根纵裂多发于45岁以上患者，占68．62％，男女比例为2．40∶1；以牙周炎常见主诉就诊的患者占96．13％；下颌第一、二磨牙近中根及上颌第一磨牙近中颊根牙根纵裂的发生率最高；牙周专科检查可见患牙均存在不同程度牙槽骨吸收，75．00％患牙存在创伤和（或）创伤易感因素。结论：牙周炎导致的牙周支持组织丧失及创伤是牙根纵裂的促进因素，临床上要及时消除可能引起牙周炎患牙的咬合创伤，降低牙根纵裂的风险。
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