Taking the high speed railway tunnel happened a shallow bias as the engineering background,this paper firstly analyzed the principle and the characteristics of the shallow depth excavation method. And then preliminary explored the mechanism of formation of the bias in the tun-nel. On this basis,put forward the three steps aside core excavation method and using auxiliary hole outside layer,hole forepole auxiliary meth-od. and the concalution can provide practical reference for the similar projects.%以某高速铁路隧道在出口端附近发生浅埋偏压为工程研究背景，对浅埋暗挖法的原理、特点进行了分析，初步探究了隧道偏压形成的机理，在此基础上，提出了采用三台阶预留核心土法开挖，同时运用洞外地层辅助、洞内超前支护的辅助施工方法，为同类工程提供了参考借鉴。
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