Engineering and tillage measures are the necessary conditions for effectiver forestation and grass plantation．Steep slope land of over 25 degree of gradient，after transferred from grain cultivation，should mainly apply for ecological protection area with conseration forest and shrub．Protection and improvement of natural vegetation should be put into the same important position as recovery ofcultivated slope land into forest and grass．It is suggested that science，technology and special scientific capability should be directly drew into ecological environment construction in order to play full support role．%工程措施和耕作措施是有效实施造林种草的必要条件；25°以上的陡坡地退耕后主要应作为营造水土保持林灌草的生态保护用地；应把天然植被保护、改良放在与退耕还林还草同等重要位置；建议将科学技术与专业科技力量直接切入生态环境建设，以充分发挥支撑作用。
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