The genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of rax populations of Apis cerana distributed in different geographic areas in Yunnan were surveyed by using 21 microsatellite markers.Using polymorphism information content( PIC) , mean heterozygosity( H) , number of effective alleles, genetic distances, gene flow( Nm) and F-statistics, the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation were evaluated.The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4( AP313) to 18( AT003).All populations showed high levels of heterozygosity except Diqing population, the highest was Wuding population(0.696) and the lowest was Diqing population(0.367).Significant genetic differentiation was found among the six populations(P ＜0.01) and the average genetic differentiaton coefficient of all the populations was 0.264.The genetic differentiation of the six populations of Apis cerana were significant, and the genetic diversity of all populations were higher than that of Diqing population.The correlation between genetic differentiation and geographical distance was analyzed , it was concluded that genetic differentiation among the six populations of Apis cerana may not be related to geographical distance.%利用21对微卫星标记对来自于腾冲、无量山、迪庆、武定、泸水、西双版纳6个云南东方蜜蜂Apis cerana群体进行遗传多样性及遗传分化分析.通过计算多态信息含量、平均杂合度、等位基因数、遗传距离、基因流、F-统计量等参数,评估各东方蜜蜂群体遗传多样性和各群体间遗传分化.各座位的等位基因数为4(AP313)至18(AT003).除迪庆群体外,其余群体均显示较高水平的期望杂合度,其中,武定群体最高,为0.696;迪庆群体最低,为0.367.各东方蜜蜂群体间存在极显著的遗传分化,平均分化系数Fst为0.264.云南6个东方蜜蜂群体的遗传分化显著,除迪庆群体外,其余5个群体遗传多样性较高;分析遗传分化与地理距离的关系发现,云南6个东方蜜蜂群体间的遗传分化与地理距离不存在显著相关.
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