To study the performance of heat insulation of the space station with multilayer in ambient environment, based on the 1-D heat transfer model, measurements are made for the heat insulation of a multilayer (MLI) of 15 layers in ambient environment, and the ambient temperature can be adjusted. It is shown that, in the ambient environment, the performance of the heat insulation of the MLI of 15 layers is steady, and is not much affected by the environmental temperature. Within the test error, the equivalent heat transfer coefficient is 0.02W/(m·K), and the heat resistance is 2.88℃/W, approximately. These results can be applied to analyze the thermal boundary of the space station in ambient pressure heat test, for properly carrying out the heat test in the ambient environment.%为准确获取被多层组件包覆的空间站常压热试验之热边界，文章基于一维稳态传热模型，对15单元多层组件的等效隔热性能进行了常压环境下的试验测量。结果表明：该组件的热特性较稳定，且受环境温度影响较小，忽略相关测量误差可以近似认为其当量导热系数为0.02 W/(m·K)，等效热阻为2.88℃/W。研究结果可用于空间站常压热试验的热边界分析，为常压热试验的准确开展提供数据支撑。
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