Objective To know the current situation of oral health⁃related knowledge and attitudes among different ethnic groups of Kazakh in Xinjiang Altay region. Methods According to the third national oral health survey standards and methods, stratified random sampling method was used to investigate 489 Kazakh people in urban and rural areas of Altay. Results 18.1% of the population were able to answer correctly the number of their teeth, 56.6% were able to realize that teeth bleeding is abnormal when blushing teeth, 51. 5% thought that sugar is one cause of tooth decay. The accuracy rates of these three issues by rural population were significantly lower than those by the urban population ( P<0.05) . As to the effect of fluoride toothpastes and whether a plaque is one of the causes of peri⁃odontitis, the accuracy rate was 28% and 6%, respectively. Although the accuracy rates of these two issues were higher by the urban population than by the rural population, the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05) . As to whether regular dental check is necessary, teeth conditions are inborn and have little to do with maintenance, and prevention of dental diseases is on their own, the ac⁃curacy rates were 70.5%, 58.2%, 67.7%, respectively. The accuracy rates of these three issues were significantly lower by the rural population than by the urban population ( P<0.05) . 85.7% of the population believed that oral health knowledge is important, and the accuracy rate by urban people was slightly higher than that by the rural population ( P>0.05) . Access to oral health knowledge via ra⁃dio/TV accounted for the highest proportion (67.6%), while that via hospital accounted for the lowest percentage (6%). Conclusion Health awareness of oral health in different Kazakh populations of Altay region is low, so oral health education should be made from avariety of ways to popularize the oral health knowledge.%目的：了解新疆阿勒泰地区哈萨克不同族群口腔健康相关知识、态度现况。方法按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准和方法，采用分层随机抽样方法，对阿勒泰地区城市和农村哈萨克族人群489人进行调查。结果18．1％的人群能够正确答对牙齿的数目，56．6％的人能够正确认识到刷牙出血不正常，51．5％的人认为吃糖是引发龋齿的原因之一，在这3个问题中农村人群的正答率均明显低于城市人群，差异具有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。“牙菌斑是引发牙周炎的原因之一”和“含氟牙膏的作用”这2个问题的正答率分别为6％和28％，虽然城市人群的正答率高于农村人群，但是差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。在“定期检查牙齿有必要”，“牙齿好坏是天生的，与保养无关系不大”及“预防牙齿疾病主要靠自己”这3个问题中，正答率分别为70．5％，58．2％，67．7％，但是农村人群的正答率明显低于城市人群，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。而85．7％的人群都认为口腔健康知识很重要，城市人群虽略高于农村人群，但差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）获得口腔健康知识的途径中广播／电视占到的比例最高（67．6％），而医院宣传所占到的比例最低（6％）。结论阿勒泰地区哈萨克族不同人群口腔健康健康知晓率均较低，应采取多种途径开展口腔健康教育工作，提高口腔健康知识水平。
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