For the sake of providing evidences that contribute to policy making or strategy planning in a Japanese version of the NIH and pharmaceutical companies, we tried an overview and future prospects of pharmaceutical industry based on new indicators. Focusing on the sizes and categories of the entities possessing pipelines, we analyzed who the key entity is in terms of drug R&D. Results show that the SMEs and ventures give strong advantage in the drug R&D in U. S. On the other hand, the SMEs and ventures in Japan do not play a vital role like those in U. S. does.%日本版NIH及其制药企业，政策制定·战略规划需要佐证。本研究尝试基于新的指标体系进行制药产业的现状俯瞰与预测未来。连载第三篇着眼于持有在研药物(pipeline)主体的规模及其种类，分析了掌控医药品开发的关键主体。其结果表明美国的强项在于中小企业与创业企业。另一方面，日本中小企业与创业企业没有承担像美国那样的角色。
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