目的：研究薏苡茎醇提取物对荷H22小鼠体内抗肿瘤作用。方法采用小鼠肝癌H22腹水型瘤细胞建立荷瘤小鼠动物模型，将84只模型小鼠随机均分为薏苡茎醇提取物剂量1~5组、模型对照组、环磷酰胺组，分别灌胃薏苡茎醇提取液10、8、6、4、2 g/kg，等体积生理盐水和环磷酰胺0.02 g/kg，每日1次，连续8 d。观察小鼠的活动能力、腹部膨隆大小及出现的时间、毛发和摄食、饮水量变化等情况。测量荷H22小鼠的实体瘤质量，计算抑瘤率，并计算肝脏指数、脾脏指数和胸腺指数。结果模型对照组最先出现腋下肿瘤鼓起且生长最快，自主活动减少、食欲下降、毛色开始暗淡等反应，剂量1、2组次之，剂量5组和环磷酰胺组最慢。薏苡茎醇提取物剂量1~5组瘤质量[分别为（0.47±0.18）、（0.37±0.13）、（0.34±0.10）、（0.30±0.11）、（0.28±0.09）mg]均低于模型对照组(0.60±0.21)mg[F=5.700，P＜0.05]，薏苡茎醇提取物剂量1~5组、环磷酰胺组抑瘤率依次升高（分别是21.67%、38.33%、43.33%、50.00%、53.33%和60.00%）。环磷酰胺组和薏苡茎醇提取物组的肝脏指数、脾脏指数和胸腺指数均低于模型对照组（剂量1组脾脏指数除外）；薏苡茎醇提取物各剂量组的肝脏指数低于环磷酰胺组，脾脏指数、胸腺指数与环磷酰胺组差异无统计学意义。结论薏苡茎醇提取物对荷H22小鼠体内肿瘤和肝脏损害有抑制作用。%Objective To study the anti-tumor effects of alcohol extraction of Coix stalk objects on H22 tumor-bearing mice. Methods The animal model of tumor bearing mice with H22 ascitic tumor cells was established. Eighty-four model mice were randomly and equally divided into Coix stalk extract groups 1-5 (10, 8, 6, 4 and 2 g/kg), model control group and cyclophosphamide group. Mice were treated orally with Coix stalk alcohol extraction solution (10, 8, 6, 4 and 2 g/kg), cyclophosphamide 0.02 g/kg and normal saline once a day for 8 days for Coix stalk extract group, cyclophosphamide group and model control group. The mouse activity, the size and the appearance of time of abdominal swelling, and changes of hair, feeding and drinking water quantity were observed in groups of mice. The solid tumor mass was measured in H22 tumor-bearing mice. The tumor inhibitory rate, liver index, spleen index and thymus index were calculated. Results The axillary tumor muster was found first in model control group with the fastest growth, reduced independent activity, decreased appetite and dim in hair color, followed by the Coix stalk extract group 1 and group 2. The last was Coix stalk extract group 5 and cyclophosphamide group. The solid tumor mass were (0.47±0.18), (0.37± 0.13), (0.34±0.10), (0.30±0.11) and (0.28±0.09) mg for Coix stalk alcohol extract groups 1-5, which were significantly lower than those of model control group (0.60 mg±0.21 mg, F=5.700,P<0.05). The tumor inhibition rates were 21.67%, 38.33%, 43.33%, 50.00%, 53.33%and 60.00%in Coix stalk extract groups 1-5 and cyclophosphamide group. The liver index, spleen index and thymus index were lower in cyclophosphamide group and Coix stalk alcohol extract groups than those of model control group (except for the spleen index of Coix stalk extract group 1). The liver index was lower in Coix stalk ethanol extract groups than that of cyclophosphamide group. There were no significant differences in the spleen index, thymus index between Coix stalk ethanol extract groups and cyclophosphamide group. Conclusion Coix stalk alcohol extract has inhibitory effects on the tumor and liver damage in H22 mice.
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