Sensorless control technology is applied to improve the reliability of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system and reduce system cost, which has become a hot topic and cutting-edge technology. The high-frequency signal injection method utilizes the motor saliency to estimate the rotor position. It is independent on the back electromotive force, and is very suitable for zero and low speed operation of PMSM drives. In this paper, the high-frequency voltage signal injection methods are investigated and summarized, which can be classified into three catalogues, i.e., conventional high-frequency sinusoidal injection method, improved high-frequency sinusoidal injection method and high-frequency non-sinusoidal injection method. The typical implementation scheme of each method is introduced, meanwhile the advantages and disadvantages of the scheme are pointed out. Then, the similarities and differences of these three kinds of methods are analyzed and compared. Finally, the development trend of the sensorless control technology of PMSM drives based on high-frequency signal injection is prospected.%无传感器控制技术有利于改善永磁同步电机驱动系统的可靠性,降低系统成本,已经成为交流电机传动领域的一项热门及前沿技术.高频注入法利用电机的凸极特性估计转子位置,不依赖电机反电动势模型,非常适合永磁同步电机零速及低速运行.针对高频电压信号注入法进行调研和整理归纳,并将这些方法总结为传统的高频正弦波注入法、改进的高频正弦波注入法和高频非正弦波注入法三类.首先,分别介绍每类方法中的典型实施方案,并指出各个方案的优缺点;其次,针对三类方法的异同点进行分析比较;最后,对基于高频信号注入的永磁同步电机无传感器控制技术的发展趋势进行展望.
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