采用电火花沉积技术,以硅青铜作为电极,在空气中对2A12铝合金表面进行了强化.采用扫描电镜、电子能谱分析仪与X射线衍射仪等仪器对沉积层的形貌、组织、元素分布和结构进行了分析与研究;利用显微硬度计和磨损试验机对沉积层的显微硬度与耐磨性进行了测试.结果表明,沉积层连续、致密,与基体呈冶金结合,无明显界面;主要由铜铝金属间化合物组成,显微硬度可达578 HV;沉积层耐磨性较基体显著提高,表面强化效果明显.%Using silicon bronze electrode,2A12 aluminum alloy surface was strengthened by electrospark deposition process.The microstructure,element distribution and phase structure of deposited coating were analyzed by scanning electron microscopic,energy-dispersive spectrum and X-ray diffractometer,respectively.Furthermore,the microhardness distribution and wear resistance of deposition coating were studied by microhardness tester and abrasion tester,respectively.The results show that the deposition coating has an average thickness of about 30 μm and forms metallurgical bonding with the substrate.The deposition coating is mainly composed of Cu-Al intermetallic compounds,its microhardness can reach 578 HV.Compared with the 2A12 aluminum alloy substrate,the wearing volume loss of deposition coating is less than one fifth of the substrate.The surface performance of 2A12 aluminum alloy is improved obviously.
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