VPPA pressure was measured at different welding parameters by U-tube barometer method. The effects of different welding conditions on arc force, including straight polarity current, reverse polarity current, time ratio, plasma gas flow rate were analyzed by the orthogonal experiment. The results indicates that VPPA pressure increased with these four parameters, and the influences of the welding parameters are in order of plasma gas flow rate, straight polarity current, time ratio, and reverse polarity current. Then the mechanisms were discussed. The plasma gas can cool and compress the arc column and compress the arc radius, which increases the VPPA pressure; while the welding current increases the arc radius by electromagnetic compression, which enhances the VPPA pressure. Moreover, due to the great difference of VPPA pressure between straight polarity phase and reverse polarity phase, time ratio is also one of key factors to VPPA pressure.%利用U形压力计测试了不同工艺参数条件下的变极性等离子焊接的电弧压力,利用正交试验测试了不同正极性电流、反极性电流、正反极性时间比和等离子气流量四种参数条件下的电弧压力.结果表明,电弧压力随着这些因素的增加而增加,而四种因素对电弧压力影响的大小依次为:等离子气流量>正极性电流>正反极性时间比>反极性电流.分析原因,等离子气流量是通过冷却压缩提高电弧压力,压缩了电弧尺寸,而焊接电流则通过电磁压缩,但也提高了电弧半径.由于正反极性阶段电弧压力的差异较为明显.因此正反极性时间比对电弧压力也有显著的作用.
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