高压架空输电线路是电力系统主要的网架结构,由于输电线路长度长,地处旷野,穿山越岭,纵横交错,绵延千里.特别是在山区架设输电线路时,往往要经过山峰顶部、山谷及山坡等复杂地形,较高的土壤电阻率造成了山区输电线路的雷击跳闸率居高不下,严重制约了当地电力系统的平稳运行和经济社会的健康发展.据电网故障分类统计表明,在我国跳闸率较高的地区,高压线路运行的总跳闸次数中,由于雷击原因的事故次数约占50-70%.架空输电线路的防雷一直是困扰安全供电的一个难题.通过讨论雷击对输电线路的危害,指出当前输电线路防雷存在的一些问题,并提出一些能提高输电线路防雷保护的具体措施,确保电网安全的运行.%The high-voltage overhead transmission line is the main grid structure of the power system. As the transmission line is long in length, is located in the wilderness, across mountains, and stretches thousands of miles. Especially to build transmission lines in the mountains, it often need throughout the top of the mountain, valleys and slopes and other complex terrain, the higher soil resistivity causes the high lightning strike rate of mountain transmission line, which seriously restricts the smooth operation of the local power system and the healthy development of the economy and society. According to the statistics of grid fault classification, it is shown that the number of accidents in the high-voltage line operation caused by lightning is about 50-70% in the areas with high trip rate in China. The lightning protection of overhead transmission line has been a problem plagued by safe power supply. By discussing the harm of lightning to the transmission line, this paper points out some problems in the lightning protection of the current transmission line and puts forward some concrete measures to improve the lightning protection and ensure the safe operation of the power grid.
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