Economic evaluation is an important part of the project evaluation. There is a significant difference between economic evaluation and financial evaluation, and the most important difference is the difference of their price used, the financial evaluation uses market prices, while the economic evaluation uses the shadow price. Shadow price is refer to the price adjusted and calculated of some goods in economic evaluation of the project, and it is the general parameter of the economic evaluation of investment projects, and it can reflect the true measurement of the social value of these goods. This paper discusses the concept and types of shadow prices, puts forward the theory and determining method of the shadow price, and introduces the role of shadow prices in waterway construction project.%项目评价的一项重要内容就是经济评价，经济评价和财务评价之间有着明显的差别，其中最重要的一个区别就是两者使用的价格不同，财务评价使用的是市场价格，而经济评价采用的则是影子价格。影子价格是指在项目经济评价中采用的部分货物经调整计算的价格，它是投资项目经济评价的通用参数，能够反映社会对这些货物真实价值的度量。本文论述了影子价格的概念和类型，提出了影子价格的理论以及确定方法，介绍影子价格应用于水运建设项目中的作用。
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