水利工程设计中的水土保持理念是生态水利、民生水利建设中重要的设计理念之一，应贯穿于工程设计的每一个环节。分析了水利工程建设对生态环境的影响，并指出，通过优化工程结构设计、边坡防护设计、土石方平衡设计、施工工艺设计、施工组织设计等，并注重对表层土的保护、景观设计以及临时占地区域的恢复设计，方能在水利工程建设过程中最大限度地控制水土流失，最大程度地恢复生态景观。%It is point out that soil and water conservation is one of important concepts in the design of ecological water conser-vancy and people,livelihood water conservancy, which should be adhere to in each stage of the engineering design. The influence of water conservancy construction on ecological environment is analyzed and corresponding countermeasures are suggested, inclu-ding optimization of structural design, slope protection design, earthwork balance design, construction techniques innovation, construction organization design, and the preservation of superficial soil, landscape design and recovery of occupied ground. The soil and water conservation can be guaranteed only if all these measures are adopted and implemented.
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