Objective The feasibility of accessing the catheter size of children’s trachea by measuring the diameter of the airway under ultrasound Abstract Objective To explore the feasibility of accessing the catheter size of children’s trachea by measuring the diameter of the airway under ultrasound.Methods 150 cases of children who were indicated for endotracheal intubation were enrolled in this study. The diameter of the airway at cricoid cartilage level( was measured in 50 cases with ultrasound after the anesthesia was induced, the catheter was chosen according to the calculation with the age for the first time, the relationship between the DD and outside diameter(OD) was analyzed with Linear regression equation. For the other 100 cases, they were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with DD at cricoid cartilage level measured, with which the airway catheter’s OD was calculated in the observation group; for the control group, the OD was determined by the formula based on the age. The rates of the first time successful intubation and related complication of the two groups were compared.Results The DD at cricoid cartilage level measured with ultrasound was positively correlated to the OD(r=0.93,R2=0.86), the linear regression equation applied was OD=0.87×DD+0.71; the first time successful intubation rate was higher in the observation group(P<0.01).Conclusions Choosing the trochea catheter based on the measurement of DD at cricoid cartilage level was more accurate than the calculation by age formula.%目的：探讨超声测量气道横径作为个体化预测小儿气管导管型号的可行性。方法选择2012年6月至2014年6月需在气管内插管下行择期手术的患儿150例。50例患儿麻醉诱导后超声测定环状软骨水平气道横径（DD），首次插入按年龄公式计算所选择的气管导管。分析DD与外径（OD）两者之间的相关性，并建立气管导管OD与DD的线性回归方程。其余100例患儿随机分为观察组与对照组，观察组插管前测量环状软骨水平气道DD，并代入已建立的线性回归方程计算确定首次插管的气管导管OD；对照组根据年龄公式确定首次插管的气管导管OD，比较两组间首次气管插管的成功率与插管相关并发症的发生率。结果超声测量的环状软骨水平DD与气管导管OD呈正相关（r=0.93， R2=0.86）；两者间的线性回归方程为OD=0.87×DD+0.71；与年龄公式组相比观察组首次插管成功率较高（P<0.01）。结论小儿根据超声测定的环状软骨水平气管横径选择气管导管的准确性优于根据年龄公式选择气管导管。
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