Objective To investigate the effect of a biodegradable paclitaxel- eluting biliary polylactide stent on the ex-pression ofα- smooth muscle actin (α- SMA) and transforming growth factor- beta1 (TGF- β1) in swine bile duct after injury. Methods The paclitaxel- eluting biodegradable biliary polylactide stents were prepared by immersion method. A porcine bile duct injury model was established. Paclitaxel- eluting biodegradable stent were surgical y inserted in the bile duct of 15 swines in experimental group, while biodegradable stent without paclitaxel were placed in rest 15 swines of control group. Animals were sacrificed 1, 3 or 6 months after operation. The wound healing of the common bile duct was observed. The expression ofα- SMA and TGF- β1 was also detected with immunohistochemical method. Results The scores of staining intensity and the proportion of positively stained cells ofα- SMA and TGF- β1 in paclitaxel group 3 and 6 months after the operation were lower than those in control group(P<0.05). In paclitaxel group, the difference of the score of staining intensity and the proportion of positively stained cells of α- SMA and TGF- β1 between 6 months after operation and 1 or 3 months after operation was significant (P<0.05), whereas in control group, the difference was significant only between 6 months and 3 months(P<0.05). Conclusion Local deliv-ery of paclitaxel via a biodegradable stent can decrease the expression ofα- SMA and TGF- β1 in the healing process of in-jured swine bile duct, which may be potential y used to relieve the bil iary stricture.%目的：观察紫杉醇涂层生物可降解支架对猪损伤后胆总管愈合过程中的α平滑肌动蛋白（α- SMA）、转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）表达的影响。方法采用浸泡法制作紫杉醇涂层生物可降解胆道支架。构建猪肝外胆管损伤修复模型，将紫杉醇生物可降解支架及裸支架分别置入猪胆管中，每组15只（分别为实验组及对照组）。分别于术后1、3、6个月各处死5只并取材，观察吻合口愈合情况，行免疫组化测定吻合口α- SMA和TGF-β1的表达情况。结果自行研制造的全新紫杉醇生物完全可降解胆道支架获得成功。实验组术后1、3、6个月α- SMA及TGF-β1着色强度及面积评分较高的分布均较对照组低，其中术后3、6个月两组的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。实验组术后6个月与术后1、3个月α- SMA着色强度及面积评分分布的差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），而对照组术后6个月仅与术后3个月的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。实验组术后3、6个月与术后1个月TGF-β1着色强度及面积评分分布的差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05），而对照组术后6个月仅与术后1个月的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论紫杉醇涂层生物可降解支架能降低猪损伤后胆管α- SMA、TGF-β1的表达，可在一定程度上抑制胆管狭窄趋势。
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