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Assessment of genetic diversity and bioremediation potential of pseudomonads isolated from pesticide-contaminated artichoke farm soils

机译：从受农药污染的朝鲜蓟农场土壤中分离出的假单胞菌的遗传多样性和生物修复潜力的评估

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A total of 68 dimethoate and pentachlorophenol-tolerant rhizobacteria, isolated from a pesticide-contaminated agricultural soil, have been identified and typed by means of 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacers analysis (ITS-PCR), 16S rRNA gene sequencing and by repetitive extragenic palindromic (BOX-PCR). The majority of bacterial isolates (84.31%) belonged to Proteobacteria (with a predominance of Gammaproteobacteria, 72.54%), while the remaining isolates were affiliated with Firmicutes (9.80%), Bacteroidetes (1.96%) and Actinobacteria (3.92%). The pesticide-tolerant bacterial isolates belonged to 11 genera, namely Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Flavobacterium, Comamonas, Achromobacter, Rhodococcus, Ochrobactrum, Aquamicrobium, Bordetella and Microbacterium. Within the well-represented genus Pseudomonas (n = 36), the most common species was Pseudomonas putida (n = 32). The efficacy of the selected strain, Pseudomonas putida S148, was further investigated for biodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in minimal medium, when used as a sole carbon and energy source. At an initial concentration of 100 mg/L, P. putida S148 degraded 91% of PCP after 7 days. GC–MS analyses revealed the formation of tetrachlorohydroquinone, tri- and di-chlorophenols as biodechlorination products in PCP remediation experiments. The toxicity estimation showed that 50% lethal concentration (LC50) and 50% growth inhibition concentration (IGC50) obtained values for the major identified compounds (2,3,4,6 tetrachlorophenol, 2,3,5,6 tetrachlorophenol and tetrachlorohydroquinone) were higher than those estimated for the PCP indicating that the metabolites are less toxic than the original compound for those specific organisms. S148 strain could be added to pesticide-contaminated agricultural soils as a bacterial inoculant for its potential to improve soil quality.
机译：通过16S–23S rRNA内部转录间隔区分析（ITS-PCR），16S rRNA基因测序和重复性外源基因，从农药污染的农业土壤中分离出总共68种乐果和耐五氯苯酚的根际细菌，并进行了分型。回文（BOX-PCR）。大多数细菌分离株（84.31％）属于变形杆菌（占伽玛变形杆菌的比例为72.54％），其余分离株与Firmicutes（9.80％），拟杆菌（1.96％）和放线菌（3.92％）相关。耐农药的细菌分离物属于11个属，即假单胞菌，芽孢杆菌，不动杆菌，黄杆菌，Comamonas，无色杆菌，Rhodococcus，Ochrobactrum，Aquamicrobium，Bordetella和Microbacterium。在代表性良好的假单胞菌属中（n = 36），最常见的物种是恶臭假单胞菌（n = 32）。当用作唯一碳源和能源时，进一步研究了所选菌株恶臭假单胞菌S148在五种介质中生物降解五氯苯酚（PCP）的功效。在初始浓度为100 mg / L的情况下，恶臭假单胞菌S148在7天后降解了91％的PCP。 GC-MS分析表明，在PCP修复实验中，四氯氢醌，三氯苯酚和二氯苯酚作为生物脱氯产物形成。毒性估算表明，主要鉴定出的化合物（2,3,4,6四氯苯酚，2,3,5,6四氯苯酚和四氯氢醌）的50％致死浓度（LC50）和50％生长抑制浓度（IGC50）为高于对五氯苯酚的估计值，表明这些代谢物的毒性小于那些特定生物的原始化合物。可以将S148菌株作为细菌接种剂添加到受农药污染的农业土壤中，因为它具有改善土壤质量的潜力。

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