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The Risks Costs and Benefits of Possible Future Global Policies for Managing Polioviruses

机译:脊髓灰质炎病毒未来可能的全球政策的风险成本和收益

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摘要

Objectives. We assessed the costs, risks, and benefits of possible future major policy decisions on vaccination, surveillance, response plans, and containment following global eradication of wild polioviruses.Methods. We developed a decision analytic model to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and net benefits of risk management options for polio for the 20-year period and stratified the world according to income level to capture important variability between nations.Results. For low-, lower-middle-, and upper-middle-income groups currently using oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), we found that after successful eradication of wild polioviruses, OPV cessation would save both costs and lives when compared with continued use of OPV without supplemental immunization activities. We found cost-effectiveness ratios for switching from OPV to inactivated poliovirus vaccine to be higher (i.e., less desirable) than other health investment opportunities, depending on the actual inactivated poliovirus vaccine costs and assumptions about whether supplemental immunization activities with OPV would continue.Conclusions. Eradication promises billions of dollars of net benefits, although global health policy leaders face difficult choices about future policies. Until successful eradication and coordination of posteradication policies, health authorities should continue routine polio vaccination and supplemental immunization activities.
机译:目标。我们评估了在全球根除野生脊髓灰质炎病毒之后未来可能的重大政策决定的成本,风险和收益,这些政策决定包括疫苗接种,监测,应对计划和围堵措施。我们建立了决策分析模型,以估算20年期间脊髓灰质炎的风险管理选择的成本效益比和净收益的增量,并根据收入水平对世界进行分层,以获取国家之间的重要差异。对于当前正在使用口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗(OPV)的中低收入,中低收入和中高收入人群,我们发现在成功根除野生脊髓灰质炎病毒后,与继续使用OPV相比,停止OPV既可以节省成本,也可以挽救生命没有补充免疫活动。我们发现,从OPV转向灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗的成本效益比要比其他卫生投资机会更高(即不那么理想),这取决于实际灭活的脊髓灰质炎疫苗的成本以及是否继续使用OPV进行补充免疫活动的假设。 。消灭疾病将带来数十亿美元的净收益,尽管全球卫生政策领导人在未来政策方面面临艰难的选择。在成功根除和协调后继性政策之前,卫生当局应继续进行常规的脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种和补充免疫活动。

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