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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>British Journal of Pharmacology >Expanding the Map of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Aspirations Using Network Analysis and Multidimensional Scaling: Examining Four New Aspirations
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Expanding the Map of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Aspirations Using Network Analysis and Multidimensional Scaling: Examining Four New Aspirations

机译：使用网络分析和多维尺度扩展内部和外部愿望的地图：检查四个新的愿望

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摘要

Life goals or aspirations can be distinguished as intrinsic or extrinsic, with different implications for well-being. In this study we used network analysis to reexamine this intrinsic-extrinsic distinction, illustrating how novel candidate aspirations can be mapped along this dimension using innovative methods. We identify four previously unexamined life aspirations, predicting that aspiring for power and social adherence would group with extrinsic goals, whereas aspiring for self-expression and mastery would group with intrinsic goals. In two samples (n = 196; n = 346) we analyze both the original life-goal variables and these novel aspirations using factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, circumplex modeling, and a network analysis using a graphical least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (glasso) to estimate the network structure of aspirations using EBIC. Replicating past intrinsic-extrinsic distinctions, all four methods further classified power and social adherence as extrinsic goals, and self-expression and mastery as intrinsic goals. The intrinsic-extrinsic distinction was also clearly visible in the network analysis. Finally, consistent with hypotheses, power and social adherence were unrelated to wellness indicators, whereas self-expression and mastery correlated positively with well-being indicators and negatively with ill-being indicators, supporting their hypothesized nature as extrinsic and intrinsic, respectively.
机译：人生目标或志向可以分为内在或外在的，对幸福感有不同的影响。在这项研究中，我们使用网络分析来重新审视这种内在与外在的区别，这说明了如何使用创新方法沿该维度映射新的候选愿望。我们确定了四个以前未曾审查过的生活愿望，预测渴望权力和社会依附将与外部目标结合在一起，而渴望自我表达和掌握将与内在目标结合在一起。在两个样本（n = 196； n = 346）中，我们使用因子分析，多维标度，环行建模以及使用图形最小绝对收缩和选择算子（glasso）的网络分析来分析原始的生命目标变量和这些新颖的期望。 ），以使用EBIC估算理想的网络结构。重复过去的内在与外在区别，所有这四种方法进一步将权力和社会依从性归为外在目标，将自我表达和掌握作为内在目标。在网络分析中，内在和外在的区别也很明显。最后，与假设一致，权力和社会依从性与健康指标无关，而自我表达和精通与幸福指标正相关，与疾病指标负相关，分别支持其假设的外在性和内在性。

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