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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Monitoring Lead (Pb) Pollution and Identifying Pb Pollution Sources in Japan Using Stable Pb Isotope Analysis with Kidneys of Wild Rats
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Monitoring Lead (Pb) Pollution and Identifying Pb Pollution Sources in Japan Using Stable Pb Isotope Analysis with Kidneys of Wild Rats

机译：使用稳定的铅同位素分析和野生大鼠肾脏监测日本的铅（Pb）污染并鉴定Pb污染源

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Although Japan has been considered to have little lead (Pb) pollution in modern times, the actual pollution situation is unclear. The present study aims to investigate the extent of Pb pollution and to identify the pollution sources in Japan using stable Pb isotope analysis with kidneys of wild rats. Wild brown (Rattus norvegicus, n = 43) and black (R. rattus, n = 98) rats were trapped from various sites in Japan. Mean Pb concentrations in the kidneys of rats from Okinawa (15.58 mg/kg, dry weight), Aichi (10.83), Niigata (10.62), Fukuoka (8.09), Ibaraki (5.06), Kyoto (4.58), Osaka (4.57), Kanagawa (3.42), and Tokyo (3.40) were above the threshold (2.50) for histological kidney changes. Similarly, compared with the previous report, it was regarded that even structural and functional kidney damage as well as neurotoxicity have spread among rats in Japan. Additionally, the possibility of human exposure to a high level of Pb was assumed. In regard to stable Pb isotope analysis, distinctive values of stable Pb isotope ratios (Pb-IRs) were detected in some kidney samples with Pb levels above 5.0 mg/kg. This result indicated that composite factors are involved in Pb pollution. However, the identification of a concrete pollution source has not been accomplished due to limited differences among previously reported values of Pb isotope composition in circulating Pb products. Namely, the current study established the limit of Pb isotope analysis for source identification. Further detailed research about monitoring Pb pollution in Japan and the demonstration of a novel method to identify Pb sources are needed.
机译：尽管在近代以来，日本被认为几乎没有铅（Pb）污染，但实际的污染情况尚不清楚。本研究旨在通过对野外大鼠肾脏进行稳定的Pb同位素分析，调查Pb污染的程度并确定日本的污染源。从日本各地捕获了野生褐（Rattus norvegicus，n = 43）和黑（R. rattus，n = 98）大鼠。冲绳（15.58 mg / kg，干重），爱知（10.83），新泻（10.62），福冈（8.09），茨城（5.06），京都（4.58），大阪（4.57），神奈川（3.42）和东京（3.40）高于组织学肾脏变化的阈值（2.50）。同样，与以前的报告相比，据认为在日本甚至老鼠的结构和功能性肾脏损害以及神经毒性也已经扩散。另外，假设人类可能暴露于高水平的Pb。关于稳定的Pb同位素分析，在一些Pb含量高于5.0 mg / kg的肾脏样本中检测到了稳定的Pb同位素比（Pb-IRs）的独特值。该结果表明，复合因素与铅污染有关。但是，由于先前报道的循环中Pb产物中Pb同位素组成值之间的差异有限，因此尚未实现对混凝土污染源的识别。即，当前的研究确定了铅同位素分析的极限值，用于来源识别。需要在日本进行有关监测铅污染的进一步详细研究，并证明一种鉴定铅源的新方法。

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