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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Menstrual Hygiene Management and Waste Disposal in Low and Middle Income Countries—A Review of the Literature
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Menstrual Hygiene Management and Waste Disposal in Low and Middle Income Countries—A Review of the Literature

机译：中低收入国家的月经卫生管理与废物处置—文献综述

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摘要

Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) has gained some attention and several literature reviews have been published. However, both original papers and reviews tend to focus on absorbent access and use and not on the disposal of menstrual waste. This review aims to fill a gap in the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector by bringing a focus specifically on menstrual hygiene safe disposal in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We reviewed published literature since 2002 on menstrual hygiene with a focus on menstrual waste management and menstrual absorbent disposal in LMIC. Database searches were conducted of both peer reviewed literature and grey literature, in addition to hand searching of references of relevant earlier literature reviews. In total 152 articles and reports were identified and 75 met the inclusion criteria and was included in the final review. Existing polices on MHM was also reviewed with a focus on India and South Africa. The review showed that disposal of menstrual waste is often neglected MHM and sanitation value chains, leading to improper disposal and negative impacts on users, the sanitation systems and the environment. Findings call for further research to gain better understandings of MHM waste streams, disposal behaviors, absorbent materials and waste management technologies to deliver health, safety, mobility and dignity for women and girls.
机译：月经卫生管理（MHM）引起了一些关注，并发表了一些文献综述。但是，原始论文和评论都倾向于集中在吸收剂的获取和使用上，而不是在处理月经废物上。此次审查旨在通过重点关注中低收入国家（LMIC）的月经卫生安全处理来填补水，卫生与卫生（WASH）领域的空白。我们回顾了自2002年以来有关经期卫生的文献，重点是LMIC中的经期废物管理和经期吸收剂处置。除了手工检索相关早期文献综述的参考文献外，还对同行评审文献和灰色文献进行了数据库检索。共确定152篇文章和报告，其中75篇符合纳入标准，并被纳入最终审查。还审查了有关MHM的现有政策，重点是印度和南非。审查表明，月经废弃物的处置通常被忽略了MHM和卫生价值链，从而导致处置不当，并对使用者，卫生系统和环境造成负面影响。研究结果需要进一步研究，以更好地理解MHM废物流，处置行为，吸收性材料和废物管理技术，为妇女和女孩提供健康，安全，机动性和尊严。

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