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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Epidemiological Characteristics and Spatiotemporal Analysis of Mumps from 2004 to 2018 in Chongqing China
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Epidemiological Characteristics and Spatiotemporal Analysis of Mumps from 2004 to 2018 in Chongqing China

机译：2004-2018年重庆市流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征及时空分析

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摘要

Mumps vaccines have been widely used in recent years, but frequent mumps outbreaks and re-emergence around the world have not stopped. Mumps still remains a serious public health problem with a high incidence in China. The status of mumps epidemics in Chongqing, the largest city in China, is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and spatiotemporal characteristics of mumps and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective strategies for its prevention and control. Surveillance data of mumps in Chongqing from January 2004 to December 2018 were collected from the National Notifiable Diseases Reporting Information System. A descriptive analysis was conducted to understand the epidemiological characteristics. Hot spots and spatiotemporal patterns were identified by performing a spatial autocorrelation analysis, a purely spatial scan, and a spatiotemporal scan at the county level based on geographic information systems. A total of 895,429 mumps cases were reported in Chongqing, with an annual average incidence of 36.34 per 100,000. The yearly incidence of mumps decreased markedly from 2004 to 2007, increased sharply from 2007 to 2011, and then tapered with a two-year cyclical peak after 2011. The onset of mumps showed an obvious bimodal seasonal distribution, with a higher peak of mumps observed from April to July of each year. Children aged 5–9 years old, males, and students were the prime high-risk groups. The spatial distribution of mumps did not exhibit significant global autocorrelation in most years, but local indicators of spatial autocorrelation and scan statistics detected high-incidence clusters which were mainly located in the midwestern, western, northeastern, and southwestern parts of Chongqing. The aggregation time frame detected by the purely temporal scan was between March 2009 and July 2013. The incidence of mumps in Chongqing from 2004 to 2018 featured significant spatial heterogeneity and spatiotemporal clustering. The findings of this study might assist public health agencies to develop real-time space monitoring, especially in the clustering regions and at peak periods; to improve immunization strategies for long-term prevention; and to deploy health resources reasonably.
机译：流行性腮腺炎疫苗近年来已被广泛使用，但是流行性腮腺炎的暴发和在世界范围内的再次出现并未停止。腮腺炎仍然是一个严重的公共卫生问题，在中国发病率很高。在中国最大的城市重庆，流行性腮腺炎的流行状况仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查流行性腮腺炎的流行病学和时空特征，为制定预防和控制流行性腮腺炎的有效策略提供科学依据。重庆市2004年1月至2018年12月的腮腺炎监测数据是从国家法定疾病报告信息系统收集的。进行描述性分析以了解流行病学特征。通过在县级基于地理信息系统执行空间自相关分析，纯空间扫描和时空扫描，可以识别热点和时空模式。重庆市共报告腮腺炎病例895,429例，年平均发病率为100,000 / 36.34。从2004年到2007年，腮腺炎的年发病率显着下降，从2007年至2011年急剧上升，然后在2011年以后逐渐缩小，并出现了一个两年的周期性峰值。腮腺炎的发作表现出明显的双峰季节分布，观察到腮腺炎的峰值更高每年的四月到七月。 5-9岁的儿童，男性和学生是最主要的高危人群。腮腺炎的空间分布在大多数年份中没有显示出显着的自相关性，但是空间自相关性和扫描统计的局部指标检测到高发病率集群，这些集群主要位于重庆的中西部，西部，东北和西南部。通过纯时间扫描检测到的聚集时间范围是2009年3月至2013年7月。2004年至2018年重庆的腮腺炎发病率具有明显的空间异质性和时空聚集性。这项研究的结果可能有助于公共卫生机构开展实时空间监测，特别是在聚类区域和高峰期。改善长期预防的免疫策略；并合理配置卫生资源。

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