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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Major Differences in the Diversity of Mycobiomes Associated with Wheat Processing and Domestic Environments: Significant Findings from High-Throughput Sequencing of Fungal Barcode ITS1
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Major Differences in the Diversity of Mycobiomes Associated with Wheat Processing and Domestic Environments: Significant Findings from High-Throughput Sequencing of Fungal Barcode ITS1

机译：与小麦加工和家庭环境相关的菌群生物多样性的主要差异：真菌条形码ITS1的高通量测序的重要发现

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Occupational exposure to grain dust is associated with both acute and chronic effects on the airways. However, the aetiology of these effects is not completely understood, mainly due to the complexity and variety of potentially causative agents to which workers are exposed during cereals process. In this study, we characterized the mycobiome during different steps of wheat processing—harvesting, grain unloading and straw handling—and compared it to mycobiomes of domestic environments—rural and urban. To do so, settled dust was collected at a six month interval for six weeks in the close proximity of 142 participants, 74 occupationally exposed to wheat dust—freshly harvested or stored—and 68 not occupationally exposed to it. Fungal community composition was determined in those samples by high-throughput sequencing of the primary fungal barcode marker internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1). The comparison of different mycobiomes revealed that fungal richness, as well as their composition, was much higher in the domestic environment than at the workplace. Furthermore, we found that the fungal community composition strongly differed between workplaces where workers handled freshly harvested wheat and those where they handled stored wheat. Indicator species for each exposed population were identified. Our results emphasize the complexity of exposure of grain workers and farmers and open new perspectives in the identification of the etiological factors responsible for the respiratory pathologies induced by wheat dust exposure.
机译：职业接触谷物粉尘与气道的急性和慢性影响有关。但是，这些影响的病因尚未完全理解，主要是由于谷物加工过程中工人所接触的潜在病原体的复杂性和多样性。在这项研究中，我们在小麦加工的不同步骤（收获，卸粮和秸秆处理）中表征了菌群，并将其与农村和城市的家庭环境中的菌群进行了比较。为此，在六个月的间隔内以142个参与者的近六个月的时间收集了沉降的灰尘，其中74个职业暴露于新鲜收获或储存的小麦灰尘，而68个职业暴露于非职业灰尘。通过对主要真菌条形码标记内部转录间隔区1（ITS1）进行高通量测序来确定这些样品中的真菌群落组成。对不同真菌生物群系的比较显示，在家庭环境中，真菌丰富度及其组成要比工作场所中的丰富得多。此外，我们发现，在处理新鲜收获的小麦的工作场所和处理储存的小麦的工作场所之间，真菌群落组成存在很大差异。确定了每个暴露人群的指标物种。我们的结果强调了谷物工人和农民暴露的复杂性，并在鉴定造成小麦粉尘暴露引起呼吸道疾病的病因方面开辟了新视野。

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