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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Injury Prevention >Use of narrative analysis for comparisons of the causes of fatal accidents in three countries: New Zealand Australia and the United States
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Use of narrative analysis for comparisons of the causes of fatal accidents in three countries: New Zealand Australia and the United States

机译：使用叙事分析比较三个国家（新西兰澳大利亚和美国）中的致命事故原因

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Objectives—To investigate the utility of narrative analysis of text information for describing the mechanism of injury and to compare the patterns of the mechanism of injury for work related fatalities in three countries. Methods—Three national collections of data on work related fatalities were used in this study including those for New Zealand, 1985–94 (n=723), for Australia, 1989–92 (n=1220), and for the United States, 1989–92 (16 383). The New Zealand and Australian collections used the type of occurrence standard code for the mechanism of injury, however the United States collection did not. All three databases included a text description of the circumstances of the fatality so a text based analysis was developed to enable a comparison of the mechanisms of injury in each of the three countries. A test set of 200 cases from each country dataset was used to develop the narrative analysis and to allow comparison of the narrative and standard approaches to mechanism coding. Results—The narrative coding was more useful for some types of injury than others. Differences in coding the narrative codes compared with the standard code were mainly due to lack of sensitivity in detecting cases for all three datasets, although specificity was always high. The pattern of causes was very similar between the two coding methods and between the countries. Hit by moving objects, falls, and rollovers were among the five most common mechanisms of workplace fatalities for all countries. More common mechanisms that distinguished the three countries were electrocutions for Australia, drowning for New Zealand, and gunshot for the United States. Conclusion—Narrative analysis shows some promise as an alternative approach for investigating the causes of fatalities.
机译：目的-调查文本信息的叙事分析在描述伤害机制方面的效用，并比较三个国家因工死亡的伤害机制的模式。方法—本研究使用了三个全国性的与工作有关的死亡数据，其中包括新西兰，1985-94年（n = 723），澳大利亚，1989-92年（n = 1220）和美国，1989年。 –92（16383）。新西兰和澳大利亚的馆藏使用了伤害发生机理的标准类型代码，而美国馆藏则没有。所有这三个数据库均包含了关于死亡情况的文字描述，因此开发了基于文字的分析，以便能够比较这三个国家中每个国家的伤害机制。来自每个国家数据集的200个案例的测试集用于进行叙述分析，并允许比较叙述和标准方法进行机构编码。结果-对于某些类型的伤害，叙事编码比其他类型更有用。与标准代码相比，对叙述代码的编码差异主要是由于在检测所有三个数据集的案例时缺乏敏感性，尽管特异性始终很高。两种编码方法之间以及国家之间的原因模式非常相似。被移动物体撞倒，跌落和翻滚是所有国家造成工作场所死亡的五种最常见机制。区分这三个国家的更常见的机制是对澳大利亚的电死，对新西兰的溺水和对美国的枪击。结论—叙事分析显示了一些有望成为调查死亡原因的替代方法。

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