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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Genome Research >Linked selection and recombination rate variation drive the evolution of the genomic landscape of differentiation across the speciation continuum of Ficedula flycatchers
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Linked selection and recombination rate variation drive the evolution of the genomic landscape of differentiation across the speciation continuum of Ficedula flycatchers

机译：链接的选择和重组率变化驱动着Ficedula捕蝇器物种连续性的分化基因组格局的演变。

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Speciation is a continuous process during which genetic changes gradually accumulate in the genomes of diverging species. Recent studies have documented highly heterogeneous differentiation landscapes, with distinct regions of elevated differentiation (“differentiation islands”) widespread across genomes. However, it remains unclear which processes drive the evolution of differentiation islands; how the differentiation landscape evolves as speciation advances; and ultimately, how differentiation islands are related to speciation. Here, we addressed these questions based on population genetic analyses of 200 resequenced genomes from 10 populations of four Ficedula flycatcher sister species. We show that a heterogeneous differentiation landscape starts emerging among populations within species, and differentiation islands evolve recurrently in the very same genomic regions among independent lineages. Contrary to expectations from models that interpret differentiation islands as genomic regions involved in reproductive isolation that are shielded from gene flow, patterns of sequence divergence (dxy and relative node depth) do not support a major role of gene flow in the evolution of the differentiation landscape in these species. Instead, as predicted by models of linked selection, genome-wide variation in diversity and differentiation can be explained by variation in recombination rate and the density of targets for selection. We thus conclude that the heterogeneous landscape of differentiation in Ficedula flycatchers evolves mainly as the result of background selection and selective sweeps in genomic regions of low recombination. Our results emphasize the necessity of incorporating linked selection as a null model to identify genome regions involved in adaptation and speciation.
机译：物种形成是一个连续的过程，在此过程中遗传变化逐渐在不同物种的基因组中积累。最近的研究记录了高度异质的分化景观，在整个基因组中分布着分化程度较高的不同区域（“分化岛”）。但是，目前尚不清楚哪个过程驱动着分化岛的演变。随着物种形成，分化格局如何演变；最终，分化岛与物种形成有何关系。在这里，我们根据来自四个Ficedula cat蝇姊妹物种10个种群的200个重测序基因组的种群遗传分析，解决了这些问题。我们表明，异质分化景观开始在物种内的种群之间出现，并且分化岛在独立谱系之间的非常相同的基因组区域中反复进化。与将分化岛解释为生殖分离中涉及基因组区域且不受基因流影响的模型的期望相反，序列差异模式（dxy和相对结点深度）不支持基因流在分化格局演变中的主要作用在这些物种中。相反，正如连锁选择模型所预测的那样，可以通过重组率和选择靶标密度的变化来解释全基因组多样性和分化的变化。因此，我们得出的结论是，Ficedula捕蝇器中分化的异质景观主要是由于背景选择和低重组基因组区域中的选择性扫描的结果而演变的。我们的研究结果强调了将链接选择作为一个无效模型来识别参与适应和物种形成的基因组区域的必要性。

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