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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>G3: GenesGenomesGenetics >Crossability of Triticum urartu and Triticum monococcum Wheats Homoeologous Recombination and Description of a Panel of Interspecific Introgression Lines
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Crossability of Triticum urartu and Triticum monococcum Wheats Homoeologous Recombination and Description of a Panel of Interspecific Introgression Lines

机译：乌拉尔小麦和小麦单粒小麦的交叉性同源重组以及一组种间渗入系的描述

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Triticum monococcum (genome Am) and T. urartu (genome Au) are diploid wheats, with the first having been domesticated in the Neolithic Era and the second being a wild species. In a germplasm collection, rare wild T. urartu lines with the presence of T. monococcum alleles were found. This stimulated our interest to develop interspecific introgression lines of T. urartu in T. monococcum, a breeding tool currently implemented in several crop species. Moreover, the experiments reported were designed to reveal the existence in nature of Am/Au intermediate forms and to clarify whether the two species are at least marginally sexually compatible. From hand-made interspecific crosses, almost-sterile F1 plants were obtained when the seed-bearing parent was T. monococcum. A high degree of fertility was, however, evident in some advanced generations, particularly when T. urartu donors were molecularly more related to T. monococcum. Analysis of the marker populations demonstrated chromosome pairing and recombination in F1 hybrid plants. Forty-six introgression lines were developed using a line of T. monococcum with several positive agronomic traits as a recurrent parent. Microsatellite markers were tested on Au and Am genomes, ordered in a T. monococcum molecular map, and used to characterize the exotic DNA fragments present in each introgression line. In a test based on 28 interspecific introgression lines, the existence of genetic variation associated with T. urartu chromosome fragments was proven for the seed content of carotenoids, lutein, β-cryptoxanthin, and zinc. The molecular state of available introgression lines is summarized.
机译：Triticum monococcum（A m 基因组）和T. urartu（A u 基因组）是二倍体小麦，第一个已经在新石器时代驯化了，第二个是野生的种类。在种质资源中，发现了带有T. monococcum等位基因的稀有野生T. urartu品系。这激发了我们的兴趣，以在单球菌中开发urartu的种间渗入系，这是目前在几种作物中实施的育种工具。此外，所报道的实验旨在揭示自然界中A m / A u 中间形式的存在，并阐明这两个物种是否至少在边缘上具有性别相容性。从人工种间杂交中，当带有种子的亲本为单核球菌时，可获得几乎不育的F1植物。但是，在某些先进的世代中，生育力很高，特别是当乌拉尔木球供体在分子上与单球菌更相关时。标记群体的分析证明了F1杂交植物中的染色体配对和重组。使用具有几个积极农艺性状的一枝锥虫线虫作为轮回亲代，开发了46个基因渗入系。微卫星标记在A u 和A m 基因组上进行了测试，并在单核球菌分子图谱中排序，并用于表征每个渗入系中存在的外来DNA片段。在基于28种种间渗入系的测试中，证实了与urartu染色体片段相关的遗传变异存在于类胡萝卜素，叶黄素，β-隐黄质和锌的种子含量中。总结了可用渗入系的分子状态。

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